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RIS Format Specifications
Overview
The complete specification for the RIS format is provided here for your convenience. It is probably the most flexible format in which to change any references you want to import into Reference Manager.
All reference types supported by Reference Manager are supported by the Import routines for RIS format.
Field Types and Tags
Each reference is composed of a variable number of fields, and each field is preceded by a six-character label or “tag.” Some tags are specific only to certain reference types. Each tag must be in a specific format, and certain other rules apply to all tags. This information is provided below.
Tag Format
As mentioned above, each tag consists of six characters, and must be in the following format:
* Character 1—Uppercase alphabetic character. (These are 358 Appendix C—RIS Format Specifications
* Character 2—Uppercase alphabetic or numeric character. (These are described in the following sections.)
* Characters 3 and 4—Spaces (ANSI 32)
* Character 5—Dash (ANSI 45)
* Character 6—Space (ANSI 32)
Use Separate Lines for Each Tag
Each tag and its contents must be on a separate line, preceded by a “carriage return/line feed” (ANSI 13 10).
Tag Order
Except for the first tag of each reference, which must be
“TY - ” and the last tag of each reference, which must be
“ER - ,” the tags within each reference can be in any order.
Characters Allowed in Fields
The characters allowed in the reference ID fields can be in the set “0” through “9,” or “A” through “Z.” The characters allowed in all other fields can be in the set from “space” (character 32) to character 255 in the Windows ANSI Character Set. Note, however, that the asterisk (character 42) is not allowed in the author, keywords, or periodical name fields.
How to Handle Long Fields
If the information following any one tag is more than 70 characters long, it is allowable (though not necessary) to insert a carriage return/line feed at the end of 70 characters, and continue on the next line.
Tag Definitions
This section details the syntax required for all possible tags in the RIS format. Note that the required tags are “TY” which must be the first tag in the reference, and “ER” which must be the last tag in the reference. Other tags can be in any order. These tags are described below.
For clarification purposes, spaces within the tags are depicted with a small bullet (·).
TY··-· Type of reference. This must contain one of the field names as defined in the following section, “Reference Type field names.”
ER··-· End of reference. Must be the last tag in a reference.
ID··-· Reference ID. (Note that any information in this field is not imported.)
T1··-· Title Primary. Note that the BT tag maps to
TI··-· This field only for Whole Book and
CT··-· Unpublished Work references. This
BT··-· field can contain alphanumeric characters; there is no practical length limit to this field.
A1··-· Author Primary. Each author must be on a
AU··-· separate line, preceded by this tag. Each reference can contain unlimited author fields, and can contain up to 255 characters for each field.
The author name must be in the following syntax:
Lastname,Firstname,Suffix
For Firstname, you can use full names, initials, or both. The format for the author’s first name is as follows:
Phillips,A.J.
Phillips,Albert John
Phillips,Albert
Lastname = Any string of letters, spaces, and hyphens
Firstname = Any string of letters, spaces, and hyphens
Initial = Any single letter followed by a period
Full Name = Any string of letters, spaces, and hyphens
Suffix = Jr/Sr/II/III/MD etc. (Phillips,A.J.,Sr.); use of the suffix is optional
Y1··-· Date Primary. This date must be in the
PY··-· following format:
YYYY/MM/DD/other info
The year, month and day fields are all numeric. The other info field can be any string of letters, spaces and hyphens. Note that each specific date
information is optional, however the slashes (“/”) are not. For example, if you just had the <year> and <other info>, then the output would look like: “1993///Spring.”
N1··-· Notes. These are free text fields and can contain
AB··-· alphanumeric characters; there is no practical length limit to this field. Reference Manager User’s Guide 361
KW··-· Keywords. Each keyword or phrase must be on its own line, preceded by this tag. A keyword can consist of multiple words (phrases) and can be up to 255 characters long. There can unlimited keywords in a reference.
RP··-· Reprint status. This optional field can contain one of three status notes. Each must be in uppercase, and the date after “ON REQUEST” must be in USA format, in parentheses: (MM/DD/YY). If this field is blank in your downloaded text file, the Import function assumes the reprint status is “NOT IN FILE.”
The three options are:
IN FILE - This is for references that you have a physical copy of in your files.
NOT IN FILE - This is for references that you do not have physical copies of in your files.
ON REQUEST (mm/dd/yy) - This means that you have sent for a reprint of the reference; the date is the date on which the reprint was requested (in
mm/dd/yy format).
SP··-· Start page number; an alphanumeric string, there is
no practical length limit to this field.
EP··-· Ending page number, as above.
JF··-· Periodical name: full format. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters.
JO··-· Periodical name: standard abbreviation. This is the 362 Appendix C—RIS Format Specifications
JA··-· periodical in which the article was (or is to be, in the case of in-press references) published. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters. If possible, periodical names should be abbreviated in the Index Medicus style, with periods after the abbreviations. If this is not possible (your large bibliography file in your wordprocessor has no periods after abbreviations), you can use the “RIS Format (Adds periods)” Import filter definition. This definition uses the Periodical Word Dictionary.
J1··-· Periodical name: user abbreviation 1. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters.
J2··-· Periodical name: user abbreviation 2. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters.
VL··-· Volume number. This is an optional field, there is no practical length limit to this field.
T2··-· Title Secondary. Note that the BT tag maps to this field
BT··-· for all reference types except for Whole Book and Unpublished Work references. This field can contain alphanumeric characters; there is no
practical length limit to this field.
A2··-· Author Secondary. Each author must be on a separate line,
ED··-· preceded by this tag. Each reference can contain unlimited author fields. The author name must be in the correct syntax (refer to A1 and AU fields). This author name can be up to 255 characters long.
IS··-· Issue. This is an alphanumeric field, there is no practical
CP··-· length limit to this field.
CY··-· City of publication; this is an alphanumeric field; there is no practical length limit to this field.
PB··-· Publisher; this is an alphanumeric field; there is no practical length limit to this field.
U1··-· User definable 1. This is an alphanumeric field; there is no practical length limit to this field.
U2··-· User definable 2. This is an alphanumeric field; there is no practical length limit to this field.
U3··-· User definable 3. This is an alphanumeric field ; there is no practical length limit to this field.
U4··-· User definable 4. This is an alphanumeric field, there is no practical length limit to this field.
U5··-· User definable 5. This is an alphanumeric field; there is no practical length limit to this field.
T3··-· Title Series. This field can contain alphanumeric characters; there is no practical length limit to this field.
A3··-· Author Series. Each author must be on a separate line, preceded by this tag. Each reference can unlimited author fields. The author name must be in the correct syntax (refer to A1 and AU fields). Each author name can be up to 255 characters long.
N2··-· Abstract. This is a free text field and can contain alphanumeric characters; there is no practical length limit to this field.
SN··-· ISSN/ISBN. This field can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical length limit to this field.
AV··-· Availability. This field can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical length limit to this field.
Y2··-· Date Secondary. (Refer to Y1 and PY fields).
M1··-· Miscellaneous 1. This field can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical length limit to this field.
M2··-· Miscellaneous 2. This field can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical length limit to this field.
M3··-· Miscellaneous 3. This field can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical length limit to this field.
AD··-· Address. This is a free text field and contain alphanumeric characters; there is no practical length limit to this field.
UR··-· Web/URL. There is no practical length limit to this field. URL addresses can be entered individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator.
L1··-· Link to PDF. There is no practical length limit to this field. URL addresses can be entered individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator.
L2··-· Link to Full-text. There is no practical length limit to this field. URL addresses can be entered Reference Manager User’s Guide 365 individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator.
L3··-· Related Records. There is no practical length limit to this field.
L4··-· Images. There is no practical length limit to this field.
Reference Type Field Names
The following describes the valid reference type field names that can be used with for the reference type field when importing references into Reference Manager.
Field
Name Reference Type
____________________________________
ABST Abstract
ADVS Audiovisual material
ART Art Work
BILL Bill/Resolution
BOOK Book, Whole
CASE Case
CHAP Book chapter
COMP Computer program
CONF Conference proceeding
CTLG Catalog
DATA Data file
ELEC Electronic Citation
GEN Generic
HEAR Hearing
ICOMM Internet Communication
INPR In Press
JFULL Journal (full)
JOUR Journal
MAP Map
MGZN Magazine article
MPCT Motion picture
MUSIC Music score
NEWS Newspaper
PAMP Pamphlet
PAT Patent
PCOMM Personal communication
RPRT Report
SER Serial (Book, Monograph)
SLIDE Slide
SOUND Sound recording
STAT Statute
THES Thesis/Dissertation
UNBILL Unenacted bill/resolution
UNPB Unpublished work
VIDEO Video recording
Sample References in RIS Format
Following are some example references in RIS format. Use these to see exactly how references should look before you import them into the Reference Manager database using the Import feature.
Two variations of the RIS import format are provided in the Import module: “RIS Format” and “RIS Format (Add periods).” The periodical name abbreviations in this sample have periods after them. Therefore, you would use the standard “RIS Format” to import them. If there were no periods after the periodical abbreviations, you would choose “RIS Format (Add periods)” when importing.
The sample references here are, in order, a journal reference, a patent reference, a conference proceeding reference, a report reference, a book chapter reference, and a case reference. Field information longer than one line (for example, “TI - ”) is shown here with continuation lines indented for ease of reading only. In practice, you can simply word wrap these lines, without the leading spaces.
TY - JOUR
A1 - Baldwin,S.A.
A1 - Fugaccia,I.
A1 - Brown,D.R.
A1 - Brown,L.V.
A1 - Scheff,S.W.
T1 - Blood-brain barrier breach following cortical contusion in the rat
JO - J.Neurosurg.
Y1 - 1996
VL - 85
SP - 476
EP - 481
RP - Not In File
KW - cortical contusion
KW - blood-brain barrier
KW - horseradish peroxidase
KW - head trauma
KW - hippocampus
KW - rat
N2 - Adult Fisher 344 rats were subjected to a unilateral impact to the dorsal cortex above the hippocampus at 3.5 m/sec with a 2 mm cortical depression. This caused severe cortical damage and neuronal loss in hippocampus subfields CA1, CA3 and hilus. Breakdown of the blood-brain
barrier (BBB) was assessed by injecting the protein horseradish peroxidase (HRP) 5 minutes prior to or at various times following injury (5 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12 hours, 1, 2, 5, and 10 days).Animals were killed 1 hour after HRP injection and brain sections were reacted with diaminobenzidine to visualize extravascular accumulation of the protein. Maximum staining occurred in animals minutes after cortical contusion. Staining at these time points was observed in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Some modest staining occurred in the dorsal contralateral cortex near the superior sagittal sinus. Cortical HRP stain gradually decreased at increasing time intervals postinjury. By 10 days, no HRP stain was observed in any area of the
brain. In the ipsilateral hippocampus, HRP stain was absent by 3 hours postinjury and remained so at the 6- and 12- hour time points. Surprisingly, HRP stain was again observed in the ipsilateral hippocampus 1 and 2 days following cortical contusion, indicating a biphasic opening of the BBB
following head trauma and a possible second wave of secondary brain damage days after the contusion injury. These data indicate regions not initially destroyed by cortical impact, but evidencing BBB breach, may be accessible to neurotrophic Reference Manager User’s Guide 369
factors administered intravenously both immediately and days after brain trauma.
ER -
TY - PAT
A1 - Burger,D.R.
A1 - Goldstein,A.S.
T1 - Method of detecting AIDS virus infection
Y1 - 1990/2/27
VL - 877609
IS - 4,904,581
RP - Not In File
A2 - Epitope,I.
CY - OR
PB - 4,629,783
KW - AIDS
KW - virus
KW - infection
KW - antigens
Y2 - 1986/6/23
M1 - G01N 33/569 G01N 33/577
M2 - 435/5 424/3 424/7.1 435/7 435/29 435/32 435/70.21 435/240.27 435/172.2 530/387 530/808 530/809 935/110
N2 - A method is disclosed for detecting the presence of HTLV III infected cells in a medium. The method comprises contacting the medium with monoclonal antibodies against an antigen produced as a result of the infection and detecting the binding of the antibodies to the antigen. The antigen may be a gene product of the HTLV III virus or may be bound to such gene product. On the other hand the antigen may not be a viral gene product but may be produced as a result of the infection and may further be bound to a lymphocyte. The medium may be a human body fluid or a
culture medium. A particular embodiment of the present method involves a method for determining the presence of a AIDS virus in a person. The method comprises combining a sample of a body fluid from the person with a monoclonal antibody that binds to an antigen produced as a result of the infection and detecting the binding of the monoclonal antibody to the antigen. The presence of the binding indicates the presence of a AIDS virus infection. Also 370 Appendix C—RIS Format Specifications disclosed are novel monoclonal antibodies, noval compositions of matter, and novel
diagnostic kits
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Barlow,J.
T1 - An assessment of the status of harbour porpoise populations in California
Y1 - 1990
VL - SC/42/SM6
RP - Not In File
CY - Nordwijk, Holland
KW - porpoise
KW - presentation document
Y2 - 1990
PB - Meeting of the Scientific Committee of the International Whaling Commission
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Esparza,J.
T1 - Report of a WHO workshop on the measurement and significance of neutralizing antibody to HIV and SIV, London, 3-5 October 1988
Y1 - 1990
VL - 4
SP - 269
EP - 275
RP - Not In File
CY - San Francisco CA
PB - UC Berkeley
KW - HIV
KW - SIV
KW - AIDS
T3 - World Health Organisation Global Programme on AIDS
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Franks,L.M.
T1 - Preface by an AIDS Victim
Y1 - 1991
VL - 10
SP - vii
EP - viii
RP - Not In File
T2 - Cancer, HIV and AIDS.
CY - Berkeley CA
PB - Berkeley Press
KW - HIV
KW - AIDS
M1 - 1
M2 - 1
SN - 0-679-40110-5
ER -
TY - CASE
A1 - Cary,A.
A1 - Friedenrich,W.
T1 - Redman v. State of California
Y1 - 1988/10/7
VL - 201
IS - 32
SP - 220
EP - 240
RP - Not In File
CY - ATLA Law Reporter
PB - San Diego County 45th Judicial District, California
KW - AIDS
KW - litigation
KW - AIDS litigation
KW - rape
U1 - ISSN 0456-8125
N1 - Raped inmate can press case against officials for contracting AIDS
ER -
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